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Weekly Focus: ECB on Pause and the Last Inflation ahead of the Fed September Meeting

S&P 500 futures rose 0.21% to 6,492 points on Monday, nearly recovering Friday’s losses but still needing to clear 6,503 to fully erase them. The rebound comes against a backdrop of caution among large investors.

Friday’s U.S. labour market report provided a textbook case for dovish expectations. Nonfarm Payrolls increased by only 22,000 in August, well below the 78,000 forecast, marking the weakest reading since October 2024 and the second consecutive decline. Unemployment ticked up to 4.3% from 4.2%, leaving little doubt about labour market cooling. Markets even revived the possibility of a 50-basis-point rate cut by the Federal Reserve in September, now priced at 10%. Standard Chartered has already positioned for this outcome.

Yet institutional investors appear unconvinced. The SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust saw a $2.06 billion outflow last week, reversing a $4.4 billion inflow earlier in the week. The data suggests institutions bought aggressively into Tuesday’s drop, with $7.0 billion of inflows in a single day, but then used the rebound to reduce exposure. Over the past five weeks, net outflows have dominated, totalling more than $18 billion. This pattern indicates that large investors are viewing the labour market slowdown as a risk rather than an opportunity, raising the likelihood of a correction from the 6,500–6,600 range.

The market is unlikely to see sharp declines ahead of next week’s Fed meeting, but institutional selling could accelerate afterward, particularly if expectations for a 50 bp cut gain excessive traction. August inflation data will be a key driver this week. The Producer Price Index is due Wednesday and the Consumer Price Index on Thursday, with Wall Street expecting CPI to rise to 2.9% YoY from 2.7%. A softer print would strengthen the case for a larger cut, potentially leaving equities overbought before the Fed meeting, while hotter inflation could undermine the 50 bp scenario and restore balance to the Fed’s policy outlook.

The European Central Bank (ECB) is expected to hold rates steady on Thursday. The decision will be interpreted in light of ongoing political instability in France and fragility in the Eurozone debt market, with Christine Lagarde’s comments closely watched. Heightened volatility in European markets is likely.

Technically, the S&P 500 remains within the 6,500–6,600 target range, with immediate resistance at 6,510–6,530. A breakout could extend gains to 6,610–6,630, but this would bring the market to a decision point between a renewed rally toward 6,850–6,950 or a meaningful correction. Near-term support is at 6,410–6,430.

Brent crude prices remain in a technically unfavourable phase, hovering in the $66.00–$68.00 support zone at $66.91. OPEC+ has announced a modest October production increase of 137,000 barrels per day, a sharp reduction from September 555,000 bpd hike. The support of the $66.00–$68.00 remained intact. The next resistance lies at $76.00–$78.00. The following support is at $56.00–$58.00.

Gold prices have broken above resistance at $3,430–$3,450 per troy ounce, reached the primary target of $3,500–$3,600, and set a new all-time high at $3,617 per ounce. The current level is $3,610. Whether prices can rise further is uncertain. The market is experiencing extreme overbought tension. Immediate resistance lies at $3,630–$3,650. Investors' reaction in this zone will be critical.

In the currency market, the U.S. Dollar is retreating. The EURUSD is trading above the resistance at 1.17000 and is now retesting it. A sustained break above 1.17000 would activate a major move toward the extreme target of 1.19500–1.20500. If the retest fails, a pullback to 1.16000 is likely.